Advertising is a Form of Propoganda - 1232 Words

1. Propaganda is a term used to describe a way to openly and tendentiously manipulate the public opinion. It is mainly transmitted through the mass media, which in general can reach out to a large number of people in a short time. If you search up the term advertisement you will find that it usually means one of these things: a paid announcement, as of goods for sale, in newspapers or magazines, on radio or television, etc; a public notice or the action of making generally known; a calling to the attention of the public. Basically the main goal of advertising is convincing people that a thing is good or bad, regardless of whether it is a political decision, economic venture, social activity, religious measure, or etc. This position paper†¦show more content†¦Advertisements do not represent a form of propaganda yet a way to help to increase the sale of goods and so producers can sell goods at reasonable prices. They raise the standard of living of people by drawing attention to new products and ideas. They increase the demand for goods and more workers are needed to produce goods so they provide employment. They pay for many services such as transporters, porters and sellers. Daily newspapers, television license fees and bus fees remain cheap because of advertisements. They also keep up the quality of the goods and services we use. In conclusion advertisements help with the economic situations in many countries and it can also bring people together though owning or liking common things. Advertisement does not represent a form of propaganda yet a tool in benefiting not just the country but also people that come across the ad. 7. By its very nature, advertising is a prominent feature of economic life. Advertising is one of the most dominate ways of reaching out to consumers and potential buyers through their TV sets, radios, newspapers, magazines, mailboxes, computers and †¦. Not surprisingly, the associated advertising expenditures can be huge. Advertising is big business indeed. Advertisements basically use visual, acoustic and combined messages that inform consumers about certain products and services, and influence them to freely choose and buy these products, whichShow MoreRelated Media Stereotypes Essay examples1432 Words   |  6 PagesMedia Stereotypes â€Å"Media stereotypes are inevitable, especially in the advertising, entertainment and news industries, which need as wide an audience as possible to quickly understand information. Stereotypes act like codes that give audiences a quick, common understanding of a person or group of people—usually relating to their class, ethnicity or race, gender, sexual orientation, social role or occupation.† Stereotypes are deeply embedded in every society in numerous ways. The dictionaryRead MoreSmoking Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagessoldiers as well as others. 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The Effects Of Muscular Dysmorphia On Adolescents

Muscular Dysmorphia in Adolescents Body image disorders which can be very serious severe conditions are often considered to mostly affect women, men, however can also suffer from Body image issues. In men, a body image disorder typically presents itself as Muscular Dysmorphia. Men who are suffering from Muscular Dysmorphia often resort to hazardous ways to gain more muscle, such as over-exercising unhealthy amounts and steroids. Treatment for Muscular Dysmorphia frequently includes prescription anti-depressants. While effective, prescription drugs create a dilemma for a high school guidance counselor who may face ethical barriers in recommending a potentially harmful medication to minors. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (or CBT), has shown promise as an effective non-pharmaceutical treatment for body image disorders, and has been used in the school setting for years. Case Review In Case #5, a guidance counselor in an urban school is concerned some of the boys may be having a body image issue. They work out excessively, take expensive supplements and are overly-concerned with nutrition. Most importantly, the muscle building regimen these boys are following seem to be interfering with their both school and personal lives. The counselor is worried for the boys’ mental well-being as well as their physical health. Especially with one boy in particular who seems to be engaging in illegal use of anabolic steroids. Muscle Dysmorphia is a type of Body Dysmorphic Disorder that isShow MoreRelatedThe Male Struggle with Body Image1583 Words   |  7 Pagesas females do and the expectations pushed on them by the media, women, and even other guys. There is a frightening lack of treatment because guy’s hardships are ignored and even overshadowed by women’s struggles. 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Art and advertising Essay Example For Students

Art and advertising Essay There is a distinct connection between art and advertising. There are three major visual arts, sculpture, painting, and architecture. Of these three arts, very effective advertising is made possible by sculpture and painting. A formal definition of art is ?For a work of art is the definition in comprehensible form of essential truth as the artist becomes aware of it in experience.? A relationship arises between a work of art and the observer that is complex, intangible, and undemonstrable and varies greatly with each observer. The beauty that results from obtaining a complete understanding of a work of art is derived from the sense of enrichment, of greater breadth and depth in the life of the observer when he realizes this beauty as a lasting and vital contribution to his life. The artist must bring out two factors in any work of art, namely objective facts of the subject which the artists attempts to bring out in his analysis and the synthesis of the results of that analysis. A pho tograph is distinct from art. It is a record, essentially a mirror image, of the facts of appearance and contains little if any of the timeless and characteristic quality necessary of a work of art, if those facts are to become significant. There are three arbitrary, but distinct groups of artists working today: fine artists, commercial artists, and illustrators. The difference between artists is determined by the intended audience. The fine artist produces a single piece of art, which is displayed in showings, galleries, and museums, and expects his audience to come to him. The commercial artist goes after an audience numbering in the millions, by producing inexpensive printed reproductions. Another difference is that fine art virtually never incorporates a written message whereas commercial art virtually always includes one. The illustrator produces pictures, drawings, and illustrations under supervision of an intermediary in the commercial art field. Advertising can be called controlled, identifiable persuasion utilizing means of mass communications. ?Professor Max Wales told his classes in advertising at the University of Oregon: ?Often advertisers choose to promote product benefits that are psychological, emotional, even silly. To explain these benefits in words proves embarrassing. Or ridiculous. So advertisers explain them indirectly?through art. The art director, then, rather than the copywriter, writes the ad.? Wales cites the many ads showing products being enjoyed in luxurious or intriguing settings.? The purpose of advertising is to bring together all of the various elements into one area to achieve an interaction that will communicate a message within a given context. The message may be conveyed and even manipulated by carefully juggling the visual elements. These elements are essentially words, photographs, illustrations, and graphic images, combined with a controlling force of black, white, and color. The purposes of advertisements are: (1) to attract attention to itself; (2) to enlist the viewers interest; (3) to show the viewer a means of satisfying a want or need through purchase of the product or service. If the advertising advocates an idea, the ad is designed to create an affinity for that idea; (4) to convince the viewer to buy the product, service, or idea; (5) to show the viewer how and where to buy the product or service or to take some specific course of action. It is readily apparent that the best way to promote an advertisement is to carefully craft an art work to carry the message to the intended audience. TV commercials must overcome two major handicaps, one being the hostility the audience harbors for this kind of advertising, and the other being the excess number of commercials prevalent in any given time period. There are three major categories of commercials: (1) the story; (2) the slice-of-life commercial; and (3) the testimonial. The parameters used to evaluate the commercial are based on the following: (1) what king of persons see the commercial?; (2) do they understand it?; (3) do they remember it?; (4) does it alter their opinion of the product?; (5) will they buy the product?. These are parameters that the commercial artist must adhere to when he designs a commercial. Any type of advertisement, whether of the printed medium or the electronic medium, requires artists with good abilities to design intelligent material so that an intended audience can be induced to act in some manner. Posters conveying a visual message, have been used for several thousand years. Hence, posters are really another advertising media. The Hammurabi law code is one of the earliest posters known in history. It was inscribed on a diorite stele, eight feet in length (a granite rock), and contained twenty-one horizontal columns above which appeared a bas-relief of King Hammurabi and the Sun God who delivered to him the laws of the Kingdom. This earliest poster is dated somewhere between 2067 and 2025 BC. Greek Mythology Essay ThesisThe magazine cover has been designed with imagination and beauty by many of the most celebrated artists in the world. Some of those with international reputations are: Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso, Henri de Toulouse-Loutrec, Salvador Dali, and Andy Warhol. ?For various reasons, when the cause was right or the magazine beautiful enough, artists of high caliber produced magnificent lithographs, photographs, oil paintings, charcoal and water color drawings especially for the magazine cover.? With the emergence of the new, modern magazine at the end of the nineteenth century, artistic illustration in advertising came of age. Legions of artists, diverse in sensibilities, obtained work illustrating for periodicals. Some of these artists were former easel painters who wanted to introduce the Art Nouveau to a mass audience. Other artists were primarily interested in experimenting with the new media of the magazine, which could reproduce art photographically and also print in color. Analyzing the work of magazine cover artists from a wide variety of countries, artistic persuasions, and many eras, yields a fresh perspective of the art over the past 150 years. Before the mid-1920s little difference existed between fine and commercial art. Artists around the turn of the century ?saw art as art and did not see it as less grand just because it was reproduced for a magazine (as some would suppose today). Rather, cover work enhanced their reputations because more people became aware of their work.? Magazine covers have been an important contribution to our cultural awareness and historical understanding, presenting a visual record of human ideas and social movements as well as significant historical moments. Magazines reigned for about a century as the primary visual record of everyday life until displaced by t elevision in the 1950s. In fact, magazines recorded the excitement created by three major inventions of the last century?the bicycle, the automobile, and the airplane. Today, our primary visual medium is probably television, with both good and really horrible advertisements This report has shown that some of the earliest advertising employing art was the Hammurabi law code engraved on a granite rock approximately four thousand years ago. Since that time advertising art has been employed on posters, book covers, and magazines with the expressed purpose of promoting a product or idea. Today, much of the advertising we are exposed to is from the electronic medium, mainly television. Some of the television commercials are artfully done, but a larger per cent of them are quite poorly done. A recent television commercial showing two supposedly German engineers driving a Porsche automobile across America. During this sojourn, the two German engineers acquire treasures from various regions in the United States. This advertisement conveys a vivid visual message employing art. The viewer is led to believe that he can discover the good life by simply buying a Porsche. These advertisements that we are daily exposed to in both the print medium and the electronic medium use artists to show the visual message clearly. In art, objects are represented in terms of an implied line to encourage us to see a similarity between objects that are quite different. ?The tree, the tall building, the column, or the standing figure become connected in our mind by virtue of their verticality.? These are art techniques that are used daily in advertisements to attract our attention. Advertising is really an art in itself, since each of us perceives reality in a slightly different manner, some more so than others. As a philosopher once observed, ?There?s no such thing as reality, only our perception of it:? This means that each of us will interpret art in advertising in our own unique way dependent upon our particular system of beliefs of reality.

The Sanity Of Hamlet Essays - Characters In Hamlet,

The Sanity of Hamlet Method in the Madness: Hamlet's Sanity Supported Through His Relation to Ophelia and Edgar's Relation to Lear In both Hamlet and King Lear, Shakespeare incorporates a theme of madness with two characters: one truly mad, and one only acting mad to serve a motive. The madness of Hamlet is frequently disputed. This paper argues that the contrapuntal character in each play, namely Ophelia in Hamlet and Edgar in King Lear, acts as a balancing argument to the other character's madness or sanity. King Lear's more decisive distinction between Lear's frailty of mind and Edgar's contrived madness works to better define the relationship between Ophelia's breakdown and Hamlet's "north-north-west" brand of insanity. Both plays offer a character on each side of sanity, but in Hamlet the distinction is not as clear as it is in King Lear. Using the more explicit relationship in King Lear, one finds a better understanding of the relationship in Hamlet. While Shakespeare does not directly pit Ophelia's insanity (or breakdown) against Hamlet's madness, there is instead a clear definitiveness in Ophelia's condition and a clear uncertainty in Hamlet's madness. Obviously, Hamlet's character offers more evidence, while Ophelia's breakdown is quick, but more conclusive in its precision. Shakespeare offers clear evidence pointing to Hamlet's sanity beginning with the first scene of the play. Hamlet begins with guards whose main importance in the play is to give credibility to the ghost. If Hamlet were to see his father's ghost in private, the argument for his madness would greatly improve. Yet, not one, but three men together witness the ghost before even thinking to notify Hamlet. As Horatio says, being the only of the guards to play a significant role in the rest of the play, "Before my God, I might not this believe / Without the sensible and true avouch / Of mine own eyes. (I.i.56-8)" Horatio, who appears frequently throughout the play, acts as an unquestionably sane alibi to Hamlet again when framing the King with his reaction to the play. That Hamlet speaks to the ghost alone detracts somewhat from its credibility, but all the men are witness to the ghost demanding they speak alone. Horatio offers an insightful warning: What if it tempts you toward the flood, my lord, Or to the dreadful summit of the cliff That beetles o'er his base into the sea, And there assume some other horrible form Which might deprive your sovereignty of reason, And draw you into madness? Think of it. (I.iv.69-74) Horatio's comment may be where Hamlet gets the idea to use a plea of insanity to work out his plan. The important fact is that the ghost does not change form, but rather remains as the King and speaks to Hamlet rationally. There is also good reason for the ghost not to want the guards to know what he tells Hamlet, as the play could not proceed as it does if the guards were to hear what Hamlet did. It is the ghost of Hamlet's father who tells him, "but howsomever thou pursues this act, / Taint not thy mind. (I.v.84-5)" Later, when Hamlet sees the ghost again in his mothers room, her amazement at his madness is quite convincing. Yet one must take into consideration the careful planning of the ghost's credibility earlier in the play. After his first meeting with the ghost, Hamlet greets his friends cheerfully and acts as if the news is good rather than the devastation it really is. Horatio: What news, my lord? Hamlet: O, wonderful! Horatio: Good my lord, tell it. Hamlet: No, you will reveal it. (I.v.118-21) This is the first glimpse of Hamlet's ability and inclination to manipulate his behavior to achieve effect. Clearly Hamlet is not feeling cheerful at this moment, but if he lets the guards know the severity of the news, they might suspect its nature. Another instance of Hamlet's behavior manipulation is his meeting with Ophelia while his uncle and Polonius are hiding behind a curtain. Hamlet's affection for Ophelia has already been established in I.iii., and his complete rejection of her and what has transpired between them is clearly a hoax. Hamlet somehow suspects the eavesdroppers, just as he guesses that Guildenstern and Rosencrantz are sent by the King and Queen to question

The 9 Worst Mistakes You Can Ever Make at Work

The 9 Worst Mistakes You Can Ever Make at Work Getting a reputation as someone who’s unprofessional is a kiss of death in any workplace. The minute coworkers (or, even worse, your manager) lose respect for you, the game is over. While you may still have a job, you’ll be surrounded by people who don’t trust you- an unpleasant experience for everyone involved. Here are some key mistakes to avoid if you want to remain at the top of your work game.1. BackstabbingIt may seem like a snide word behind the scenes is more efficient than a confrontation, but it will ultimately affect your reputation more than the colleague you made look bad. Don’t go over someone’s head to solve a problem. Instead, communicate and try to find a resolution that will make everyone happy.2. GossipingIt’s one thing to share information or backstory, but you’ll develop bad word of mouth if you’re constantly engaged in spreading negative rumors about other people. If it’s not constructive or producti ve, keep it to yourself- or share it with your boss if it’s serious enough that you need to speak up, but be accountable.3. Taking Credit for Someone Else’s WorkThis is just slimy- don’t steal ideals or misrepresent your work. Doing so will also make you look ineffective. If you had your own ideas, you wouldn’t need to steal, right?4. Emotional HijackingAlso known as losing your s#$@, a meltdown that involves yelling, throwing, verbal outbursts or making people cry is a fast way to destroy your credibility- or build a whole new credibility as a toddler who throws tantrums. Maintain your self control. Act like an adult. Whoever you blow up at doesn’t look as bad as you do.5. Announcing That You Hate Your JobIf it’s true, start job hunting and put on a good face so they’ll recommend you to your next employer. If it’s not, suck it up and look for ways to spread positivity at work!6. BraggingBe a pro; take your accomplishments in s tride. It’ll impress your friends and intimidate your rivals. Act like success is something you see every day and hardly notice any more, even (especially) if it isn’t true.7. LyingYou may want to protect yourself or someone else, but as soon as you start lying it’s a matter of time until you get caught! Even if it’s a small, unrelated lie, it can damage your relationships at work and your professional career.8. Smelly FoodTreat yourself to a lunch hour away from the office if you can’t resist your Indian leftovers or a Brussels sprout sandwich every day. Don’t sit in the break room- or worse, at your desk!- pretending nobody can smell what you brought from home. It’s distracting and takes forever to dissipate.9. Burning BridgesI still think fondly of the boss who laid me off, even 6 years later, because she made an effort to reach out to me afterwards, followed through on recommendations, and stayed in touch until I landed on my feet . She taught me how to handle even tough goodbyes- you also never know when you might need a connection made.On Mobile? Please Sign In Here to View Your Job Matches

10 Quotes About Summer Love

10 Quotes About Summer Love Summer has always been considered  the most romantic of the four seasons. The clear skies, the blazing sun, the gentle summer breeze, and the lazy afternoons flavor the season with passion and warm love. Its also a time when many experience the passion and heartbreak of young love while on summer vacation. The lovers are destined to part at summers end, returning to their distant homes and inevitable loss. These summer love quotes attempt to celebrate this fervent spirit of summer love. Summer Love Quotes Anonymous All we need is the truth in our hand.Someone to call a friend.Never fear the darkness.All we need is just the sun in the sky.And the hope of a summer to come with the meaning of love. Robert Burton What is life, when wanting love? Night without a morning; loves the cloudless summer sun, nature gay adorning. Swedish Proverb A life without love is like a year without summer. Anonymous Love is to the heart what the summer is to the farmers year- it brings to harvest all the loveliest flowers of the soul. Francis Thompson Summer set lip to earths bosom bare,And left the flushed print in a poppy there Edna St. Vincent Millay I know I am but summer to your heart, and not the full four seasons of the year. William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summers day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath all too short a date.Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmedBut thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owst,Nor shall Death brag thou wandrest in his shadeWhen in eternal lines to time thou growst.So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Alexander Pope But see, the shepherds shun the noonday heat,The lowing herds to murmuring brooks retreat,To closer shades the panting flocks remove;Ye gods! And is there no relief for love? Bern Williams If a June night could talk, it would probably boast it invented romance. Carl Sandburg Under the summer rosesWhen the flagrant crimsonLurks in the duskOf the wild red leaves,Love, with little hands,Comes and touches youWith a thousand memories,And asks youBeautiful, unanswered questions. Nicholas Sparks, The Notebook Summer romances begin for all kinds of reasons, but when all is said and done, they have one thing in common. Theyre shooting stars, spectacular moments of light from the heavens, a fleeting glimpse of eternity, and in a flash theyre gone. Kenny Chesney Its a smile, its a kiss, its a sip of wine ... its summertime! Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey, Summer Nights Summer loving had me a blastSummer loving happened so fastI met a girl crazy for meMet a boy cute as can beSummer days drifting away to oh oh the summer nights

Analyze the Nike Ad in terms of its appeals (ethos, pathos, logos) Essay

Analyze the Nike Ad in terms of its appeals (ethos, pathos, logos) - Essay Example That is because nobody can know a body well enough than the person who lives in the body. As for the pathos of the statements delivered by the text, it is very clear that the writer wants to deliver the message that it is good to be comfortable with ones body regardless of what the public may say. The ad chooses to appeal to the readers sense of self identity based upon some preset conditions in the past. It clearly tries to appeal to the readers self-interest and emotions. When it comes to the logos of the ad however, one thing is very clear, the ad uses some highly effective logic in order to help sell the product to the two kinds of logic presented in the ad. These logos come into play as the words in the advertisement agrees to and encourages the reader to give himself a chance to be happy just the way he is. While also encouraging to think of the logical arguments presented thus creating a logical statement that will certainly be in need of future discussion. Overall, this is one highly effective ad for Nike as it encourages free thinking and the importance of feeling comfortable in ones own skin. As the ad says, Just do

Rising trend of government media censorship programs(intenet) Essay

Rising trend of government media censorship programs(intenet) - Essay Example Internet has a role to play in whatever activity we are interested in, be it banking, shopping, reading, entertainment or research. It is no more just a luxury but has become an obligation in today’s world. With the passage of time the face of Internet has undergone a sea change; it has developed into a double-edged sword and has been under the scanner for censorship and control. With the increase in popularity of the Internet, the cases related to Internet crimes have also increased substantially. Statistically speaking, â€Å"there are about 20,000 pornographic photographs posted on the Internet each day.† (Bells, 2010). Internet has many ill effects on its users. Owing to its free accessibility, it has been misused and mishandled. Internet has become easy medium to commit crimes and express emotions, which are embarrassing and risky to carry out in the real world. The anonymity that the virtual world offers has added fuel to such activities. There had been innumerabl e instances of people being influenced by Internet to commit heinous crimes. A student playing long hours of online shooting games might set out on a shooting spree in the university in his real life. This is only one of the thousands of possibilities that might take place on a regular basis all around the world. As observed by a freelance content writer, â€Å"The Internet has become counter productive not for what it offers but because of what it causes† (Otter, July 2006). As the Internet offers the facility of easy and hassle free banking and financial transaction facilities it also provides an added risk of hacking and controlling of personal information for financial gains by some unscrupulous individuals. Internet has become an easy medium for individuals to commit crimes like scams, fooling people by alluring them for job, lottery prizes and even lead to committing sexual assaults. (Hinders, 2003). The social networking sites have made life of an

Corrections Trend Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Corrections Trend Evaluation Essay This paper explains the many trends in the public and institutional criminal justice system. These trends, starting from the past, push the research into the present and future with the implementation of continuing trends and perspective ideations to aid in the progress and advancement of criminal procedures. This paper starts with the history of community and commercial criminal justice and attaches the proceedings to the present-day standing. This paper also shows an idealistic and theoretical analogy of how the criminal justice system may look in the future based on current trends. Past Trends Stories mentioning jails are throughout history even back to biblical times, however, America did not have an official penitentiary until 1790 at which time Philadelphia constructed the Walnut Street Jail. It was during this time that the root word of penitentiary took on its new form. Prisoners in early times were sent with the aim of the punishment in the form of penance, thus with any luck resulting in purity of personal reform. Inmates are kept in single cell units at all-times, even for meals. Recreation was not an option. In the rare event, that an inmate did leave the cell, a mask, or hood is required (Johnson Dobrzanska, 2005). The goal is to lead a monk style life, thus providing a Bible to all inmates is mandatory, and it is a hope that the offenders would spend their sentences preparing to live law-abiding lives as governed by Gods word, following their release. This type of containment for inmate is known as the separate system. On the flipside of the separate system is the congregate system, and the first notation of its use, is by the Auburn Prison (Johnson Dobrzanska, 2005). Prisoners still lived a life of confinement while in their cell, but with this system, they coexist with other inmates for work and meals. Although this is a change, inmates never speak a word and many recall the only sound coming from workshops within the prison and the marching of inmates (Johnson Dobrzanska, 2005). Present Trends Much has changed following the days when inmates donned masks or hoods just to walk down a corridor within prisons walls. Prior to the 1960s, both the public and the courts developed a hands off policy toward the conditions and practices within criminal facilities (Martin, Katsampes, 2007). The reasoning behind this was a notion that correctional administrators knew how to best control both inmates and correctional facilities. However, during the 1960s and the 1970s, while people outside were rallying for civil rights of different groups of people, inmates were inside prisons rallying for prisoners rights. At this point, the criminal justice system and treatment of inmates take a poignant turn in history. The decision of the courts allowed the trend to move from inmates living a monk style lifestyle to inmates who currently have access to courts, counsel, mail, more choices for reading material and libraries, medical care, food services, recreation, exercise, and due process. Because of this society now, sees correctional facilities were inmates coexist around other inmates, as well as seeing inmates legally counseling other inmates in their cases as well as appealing and representing themselves in court. We have TV crews going into facilities and providing the public with firsthand accounts of life within the jails. However with the changes come downfalls in the goals for incarceration. No longer is the goal one of penance, it has since changed to a goal of punishment. The focus is holding an offender accountable for illegal acts as well as a means to discourage offenders from committing future criminal acts, and with any luck discourage others in communities from following in the same tracks as current inmates. Because of this trend, the judicial systems as well as correctional facilities have increased to a level of concern. Another unfortunate outcome of the changing of times comes the changing of the importance behind rehabilitation. According to Martin, and Katsampes (2007), rehabilitation, and reintegration rank as secondary goals. Noted, especially for this theory are the jails, as they do not attempt to provide inmates with opportunities for self-help or change to deter future criminal behavior. Luckily, community-based corrections are stepping up to assist in the rehabilitation of offenders. Programs such as community-based centers are offering their assistance in reintegrating inmates back into society. These types of centers operate within a private sector and offer assistance in areas, such as returning to school for finding employment as well as enrolling the participants into classes such as cognitive self-changing classes, parenting classes as well as drug and alcohol programs. Another example of community-based corrections focuses on alleviating the overcrowding issues seen within the correctional facilities. These programs encompass opportunities such as bail supervision programs, community service orders, work-release centers, electronic monitoring, probation, or other alternative measure programs (John Howard Society of Alberta, 1998). Each of these community-based correctional programs poses significant benefits to alleviating the correctional facilities problem with them experiencing just too many inmates. The bail supervision programs release the offender to a member of the community, while that person is awaiting trial. This program not only holds the offender accountable for not screwing up while awaiting trial, it also holds someone else accountable for those peoples actions as well. Many times this takes place in the form of bail or following the release of an offender on recognizance also known as RoR. Community service is another fine example of the serving of punishment. This program allows offenders to give back to the community by means of working within the community. Many times community service takes place at a local store such as the Youth Ranch, other times it will be strictly with the city or county, doing things such as working at the local landfill, or cleaning court offices and other associated buildings. Offenders in this program, report at a scheduled time to the jail and receive their daily work assignment, form that point until the remainder of their day, they work under the supervision of the jail staff. Work release centers offer the opportunity for inmates to leave the facility to fulfill work schedules obtained prior to sentencing. Most inmates must pay a higher fee for this opportunity but can have someone approved by the facility to transport the inmate to and from work, however, the inmates are also subject to random checks by authorities to ensure they are accounted for at all times. Future Trends and Issues As time continues to evolve, the judicial system is bound to encounter the continuation of trends as society is beginning to see in both past and present times. It impossible for one to say what will or will not happen to the future correctional facilities, but through monitoring of the past, one can begin to see a devastating trend form. By removing the rehabilitation aspect and imposing the punishment aspect, the system continues to enable the cycle, thus bringing it to the point it is today. Research suggests that the trends both courts and facilities will face include that of continued prison growth as well as the potential for early release patterns (The Sentencing Project, n.d.). By the courts handing down sentences strictly for a punishment reason, they are enabling the continuation of a growth that already exceeds maximum capacity within the facilities. A suggestion to combat this scenario and alleviate the congestion within the facilities is to take advantage of the community-based programs available for offenders who do not pose a significant threat to themselves, or to society. The punishment aspect of the crime is satisfied by the courts and the chances of rehabilitation are greater in this case than they would be, compared to taking advantage of the smaller programs available while in jail. This scenario plays on with the second possible trend that if offenders are still sent to the correctional facilities, not only will the continuation of over crowdedness still be in place but also eventually something will have to take place to correct it. The something will have to include releasing certain inmates earlier than intended by the courts, thus risking the safety of not only others in society but also the released inmates, and increasing the possibility of recidivism. Conclusion This paper covers many trends in the public and institutional criminal justice system. These trends, starting from the past, push the research into the present and future with the implementation of continuing trends and perspective ideations to aid in the progress and advancement of criminal procedures. The first section of this paper covers the history of the commercial criminal justice and follows it up through the present-day. Finally, the paper details through logic how the criminal justice system may look in the future based on the current trends already set in motion. References John Howard Society of Alberta. (1998). Community Corrections. Retrieved from http://www.johnhoward.ab.ca/pub/C29.htm Johnson, R., Dobrzanska, A., and Palla, S. (2005). The American prison in historical perspective. Retrieved from http://www.jblearning.com/samples/0763729043/Chapter_02.pdf Martin, M., Katsampes, P. (2007). Sheriffs guide to effective jail operations. Retrieved from http://static.nicic.gov/Library/021925.pdf The Sentencing Project. (n.d.). U.S. prison population: Trends and implications. Retrieved from http://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/sp/1044.pdf

Free College Essays - Self-discovery in Shes Come Undone by Wally Lamb :: Shes Come Undone

She's Come Undone: Self-discovery  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout She's Come Undone, Wally Lamb emphasizes the importance of self-discovery to one's life. Dolores has several epiphanies throughout the course of the novel, including her realization that all of her failed relationships are not solely her fault. She learns she is worth loving and is capable of surviving on her own. With each discovery about herself, Dolores learns to love herself a little more and blame herself a little less. Dolores' first realization is a sub-conscious one. Right before she tries to commit suicide she telephones her mother's childhood friend Geneva (Lamb 249). This is a cry for help and is her first step towards recovery. Dolores' next discovery comes after a long period of therapy, paid for by Geneva. Dolores' therapist, Dr. Shaw, attempts to rewrite her childhood from the time she was in the womb on. He takes on the role of her mother (268). As her negative childhood memories are replaced by positive ones, Dolores gains a new sense of self-esteem and confidence. She loses all of her extra weight (269). Dolores funnels her energy into creative pursuits like Etch-A-Sketching rather than self-destructive behavior. Eventually she is able to leave Dr. Shaw's care and go into the real world to provide for herself (283). Perhaps Dolores leaves the care of Dr. Shaw too soon. Shortly after getting her own apartment she begins dating Dante. Ashamed of her past, she creates a fictional life story for herself. She lives a lie the whole time she is living with Dante. She writes to her grandmother and falsely describes her marriage. When she catches Dante sleeping with one of his students, she finally wakes up. She realizes that no man is worth the pain of losing her identity, and she also realizes that her identity cannot be defined by the man she is with. After her grandmother's death she finally reveals her true self to Dante. In frustration and anger she tells him all of the events of her past, from her weight problems to her rape to her time spent in a mental institution. She feels completely free for the first time. Dolores' final stage of self-discovery comes with her relationship with Thayer. She realizes that he is what she has truly wanted for her entire life. It is the first time she has found luck and happiness in love.

The Recruitment Process of Morgan Stanley

HRM Case 4 – Rob Parson The given case describes the general hiring process of Morgan Stanley and how their employees are evaluated. The main purpose of this text is the evaluation of Rob Parson and whether or whether not he is suited for a promotion becoming managing director of a certain branch of the company. The text gives a description about Rob Parson past, academically in his job career prior to Morgan Stanley and how his colleagues describe him. In addition to this Paul Nasr is also described as he is the person who has to evaluate Rob and he is also the person who initially hirer Rob at Morgan Stanley.Assessment of Rob Parson’s Performance All in all I would say that Rob Parson is doing a good job as you it is said that his skills of closing deals are very good. He might have problems to work in a team however he has to be told that other don't agree with the way he approaches his tasks. In addition to that I think that Rob Parson deserves a promotion however h e will need to change his team playing approach. It is necessary to be able to work with other efficiently in this fast moving market and he has to be aware of that.Evaluation and development summary (Rob Parson) Strengths| Development Areas| 1. Knows what he is doing| 1. Working in a team| 2. Commits to his work| 2. Leadership skills| 3. Knows how to make a deal| 3. Following the Morgan Stanley Culturc| Performance objectives for the next year| Business Goals: Increase the market share in CMS| Professional Development Goals: Be seen as a Team Player at Morgan Stanley| Career Goals: Eventually be promoted if attitude changes| Nasr’s Performance Appraisal, future goals and Issues that need to be raisedIf I were in Paul Nasr position to conduct the performance appraisal for Rob Parson I would approach it in a conservative way. First of all I think it would help to praise him for his success at the firm and that in general things are going good. When it comes to evaluating his p erformance as a team player at Morgan Stanley, I would first of all remind him of Morgan Stanley’s way of doing business and that teamwork is an important fact if you would like to be successful at the company.In addition to that I would then be important to tell Parson about the fact that some of his peers complained about the way he is pursuing business, leaving broken eggs. The goals I would set for Parson would be the advise to play more along the corporate culture of Morgan Stanley and he will most likely receive the desired promotion If you were Rob Parson, how would you conduct yourself in the performance evaluation meeting? What are your goals? How would you try to influence the process? In Rob Parson’s position I would approach the performance evaluation meeting in a confident way.He should listen to what the critics have to say about him and and try to work with that. Denying his mistakes will not help him for his desired promotion and thus he should accept t hem and try to work out a plan with Paul Nasr how he can develop him in the future. In addition to that he should also be assured of his skills and that tell Paul that in general he will become more of a team player, however that some situation in this sector require quick reactions that do not cohere with Morgan Stanley’s bureaucratic ways of doing things. The Recruitment Process of Morgan Stanley HRM Case 4 – Rob Parson The given case describes the general hiring process of Morgan Stanley and how their employees are evaluated. The main purpose of this text is the evaluation of Rob Parson and whether or whether not he is suited for a promotion becoming managing director of a certain branch of the company. The text gives a description about Rob Parson past, academically in his job career prior to Morgan Stanley and how his colleagues describe him. In addition to this Paul Nasr is also described as he is the person who has to evaluate Rob and he is also the person who initially hirer Rob at Morgan Stanley.Assessment of Rob Parson’s Performance All in all I would say that Rob Parson is doing a good job as you it is said that his skills of closing deals are very good. He might have problems to work in a team however he has to be told that other don't agree with the way he approaches his tasks. In addition to that I think that Rob Parson deserves a promotion however h e will need to change his team playing approach. It is necessary to be able to work with other efficiently in this fast moving market and he has to be aware of that.Evaluation and development summary (Rob Parson) Strengths| Development Areas| 1. Knows what he is doing| 1. Working in a team| 2. Commits to his work| 2. Leadership skills| 3. Knows how to make a deal| 3. Following the Morgan Stanley Culturc| Performance objectives for the next year| Business Goals: Increase the market share in CMS| Professional Development Goals: Be seen as a Team Player at Morgan Stanley| Career Goals: Eventually be promoted if attitude changes| Nasr’s Performance Appraisal, future goals and Issues that need to be raisedIf I were in Paul Nasr position to conduct the performance appraisal for Rob Parson I would approach it in a conservative way. First of all I think it would help to praise him for his success at the firm and that in general things are going good. When it comes to evaluating his p erformance as a team player at Morgan Stanley, I would first of all remind him of Morgan Stanley’s way of doing business and that teamwork is an important fact if you would like to be successful at the company.In addition to that I would then be important to tell Parson about the fact that some of his peers complained about the way he is pursuing business, leaving broken eggs. The goals I would set for Parson would be the advise to play more along the corporate culture of Morgan Stanley and he will most likely receive the desired promotion If you were Rob Parson, how would you conduct yourself in the performance evaluation meeting? What are your goals? How would you try to influence the process? In Rob Parson’s position I would approach the performance evaluation meeting in a confident way.He should listen to what the critics have to say about him and and try to work with that. Denying his mistakes will not help him for his desired promotion and thus he should accept t hem and try to work out a plan with Paul Nasr how he can develop him in the future. In addition to that he should also be assured of his skills and that tell Paul that in general he will become more of a team player, however that some situation in this sector require quick reactions that do not cohere with Morgan Stanley’s bureaucratic ways of doing things.

True Grit

Ronnie Simonson Mrs. Brown W-2 2-26-11 The Analysis of Baseball A very famous author and poet May Swenson, wrote a poem called the,† The Analysis of Baseball†. This Poem uses many types of poetry elements. The elements that are primarily used in, â€Å"The Analysis of Baseball† are Onamonpias, Rhyme, and metaphors. In the Poem,†The Analysis of Baseball† there are many Onamonpias used as an element of poetry. In this poem Onamonpias are used to get the reader into the poem and give excitement.The first example where an Onamonpia is used is when May Swenson says, â€Å"Ball bounces off bat, flies air, or thwack ball meets mitt. What that statement was saying was that the batter can choose whether to make contact with the ball or watch as it goes into the catcher’s mitt. One more example where an Onamonpia is used to give excitement to the poem is where she says, â€Å"Sometimes ball gets hit Pow when bat meets it, and sails to a place where mitt just has to quit. In that example the word POW is the sound that is going to occur when the ball meets the bat. Next in the poem, â€Å"The Analysis of Baseball† rhyme is another element of poetry used in this poem. In this poem rhyme is used because it gives it a scene of humor and helps the reader get a rhythm. The first example where rhyme is used is when the poet says, â€Å"Ball hates to take bat’s bait. † What that is saying is that the ball doses not want to come into a coalition with the bat or have a big impact.The next example of rhyme that is used stated is,† Ball flirts, bats late, don’t keep the date. † What that meant was that the batter was late to swing and now cannot hit the ball. The last main element of poetry that was used in, â€Å"The Analysis of Baseball† is Metaphors. One example of a metaphor is when May Swenson says, â€Å"Bat waits for ball to mate. Ball hates to take bats bait. † In that verse May Swen son is saying that the batter has swung and missed the ball and now has a strike because the bat wants to mate but the ball does not want to take bats bait.The next example where a metaphor is used is when she says, â€Å"Ball flirts, bats late, don’t keep the date. † What that statement was saying is the batter has once again swung and missed and now has an additional strike. This poem has used many types of elements of poetry. May Swenson used metaphors, rhyme, and Onamonpias to give this poem excitement and also help give the reader meaning to the poem. This poem also tells the reader what is happening without really even telling them what is happening. True Grit Ronnie Simonson Mrs. Brown W-2 2-26-11 The Analysis of Baseball A very famous author and poet May Swenson, wrote a poem called the,† The Analysis of Baseball†. This Poem uses many types of poetry elements. The elements that are primarily used in, â€Å"The Analysis of Baseball† are Onamonpias, Rhyme, and metaphors. In the Poem,†The Analysis of Baseball† there are many Onamonpias used as an element of poetry. In this poem Onamonpias are used to get the reader into the poem and give excitement.The first example where an Onamonpia is used is when May Swenson says, â€Å"Ball bounces off bat, flies air, or thwack ball meets mitt. What that statement was saying was that the batter can choose whether to make contact with the ball or watch as it goes into the catcher’s mitt. One more example where an Onamonpia is used to give excitement to the poem is where she says, â€Å"Sometimes ball gets hit Pow when bat meets it, and sails to a place where mitt just has to quit. In that example the word POW is the sound that is going to occur when the ball meets the bat. Next in the poem, â€Å"The Analysis of Baseball† rhyme is another element of poetry used in this poem. In this poem rhyme is used because it gives it a scene of humor and helps the reader get a rhythm. The first example where rhyme is used is when the poet says, â€Å"Ball hates to take bat’s bait. † What that is saying is that the ball doses not want to come into a coalition with the bat or have a big impact.The next example of rhyme that is used stated is,† Ball flirts, bats late, don’t keep the date. † What that meant was that the batter was late to swing and now cannot hit the ball. The last main element of poetry that was used in, â€Å"The Analysis of Baseball† is Metaphors. One example of a metaphor is when May Swenson says, â€Å"Bat waits for ball to mate. Ball hates to take bats bait. † In that verse May Swen son is saying that the batter has swung and missed the ball and now has a strike because the bat wants to mate but the ball does not want to take bats bait.The next example where a metaphor is used is when she says, â€Å"Ball flirts, bats late, don’t keep the date. † What that statement was saying is the batter has once again swung and missed and now has an additional strike. This poem has used many types of elements of poetry. May Swenson used metaphors, rhyme, and Onamonpias to give this poem excitement and also help give the reader meaning to the poem. This poem also tells the reader what is happening without really even telling them what is happening.

How Pearls Form and Which Species Makes Them

How Pearls Form and Which Species Makes Them The pearls you may wear in earrings and necklaces are the result of an irritant under the shell of a living organism. Pearls are formed by saltwater or freshwater  mollusks - a diverse group of animals that includes oysters, mussels, clams, conchs, and gastropods.   How Do Mollusks Make Pearls? Pearls are formed when an irritant, such as a bit of food, a grain of sand, bacteria or even a piece of the mollusks mantle becomes trapped in the mollusk. To protect itself, the mollusk secretes the substances aragonite (a mineral) and conchiolin (a protein), which are the same substances it secretes to form its shell. The composite of these two substances is called nacre, or mother-of-pearl. The layers are deposited around the irritant and it grows over time, forming the pearl. Depending on how the aragonite is arranged, the pearl may have a high luster (nacre, or mother-of-pearl) or a more porcelain-like surface that doesnt have that luster. In the case of the low-luster pearls, the sheets of aragonite crystals are perpendicular to or at an angle to the surface of the pearl. For the iridescent nacreous pearls, the crystal layers are overlapping. Pearls may be a variety of colors, including white, pink and black. You can tell an imitation pearl from a real pearl by rubbing them on your teeth. Real pearls feel gritty against the teeth due to the layers of nacre, while imitation ones are smooth. Pearls are not always round. Freshwater pearls are often shaped more like puffed rice. Unusual shapes can also be prized for jewelry, especially for large pearls. Which Mollusks Make Pearls? Any mollusk can form a pearl, although they are more common in some animals than in others. There are animals known as pearl oysters, which includes species in the genus Pinctada. The species Pinctada maxima (called the gold-lipped pearl oyster or silver-lipped pearl oyster) lives in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific from Japan to Australia and produce pearls known as South Sea Pearls. Pearls may also be found and cultured in freshwater mollusks and are often produced by species collectively called pearl mussels. Other pearl-producing animals include abalones, conchs, pen shells, and whelks. How are Cultured Pearls Made? Some pearls are cultured. These pearls do not form by chance in the wild. They are helped by humans, who insert a piece of shell, glass or mantle into a mollusk and wait for pearls to form. This process involves many steps for the oyster farmer. The farmer must raise the oysters for about three years before they are mature enough to implant, keeping them healthy. Then they implant them with the graft and nucleus and harvest the pearls 18 months to three years later.   As natural pearls are very rare and hundreds of oysters or clams would have to be opened to find one wild pearl, cultured pearls are more common.

Maintaining a Tree Through the Next Decade

Maintaining a Tree Through the Next Decade Specimen trees in the landscape need consistent care over time to ensure their continued health, proper conditions for growth and to prevent hazardous conditions that threaten surrounding property. Here is a tree care schedule developed by the United States Forest Service for a tree owners use and listed according to tree care type. Watering the Tree The key to newly planted tree survival is providing adequate water. Although the first 3 years are most critical, a trees watering needs should be maintained for life. Initially, a newly planted tree needs to be properly watered with an adequate amount to pack the soil, to remove root-drying air and to moisten the root ball. On adequately draining soils, 5 gallons of initial water should be enough. Fast draining soils may need more frequent watering than a slow draining soil. Year 1 - 3: It is most critical to provide adequate water during the annual growing season, between late spring and autumn.Year 4 and after: You can relax a bit on tree watering in later years but water may be needed during long periods of drought. Mulching the Tree Mulching a newly planted tree ensures that moisture is available to roots over time and reduces grass competition. A good mulch (organic materials like leaves, bark, needles and fine wood chips) should ring the tree base (over the critical root zone) but never touch the tree. No fertilizer is necessary when quality composted mulch is used. Year 1 - 3: Maintain the mulch level with no more than 4 inches of material over the roots (the wider the better) but not touching the tree.Year 4 and after: A tree appreciates a good mulch so it is appropriate to maintain adequate mulch levels annually during spring. Avoid using nitrogen fertilizers - use complete fertilizers only after a soil test. Staking the Tree Not all newly planted trees need staking to remain standing straight. Stake only if the root ball is unstable or the tree trunk is bending. Use only loosely tied, wide straps and limit the number of straps to a minimum for support. Year 1 - 3: Use tree stakes only when needed. Many tree owners automatically stake every tree not knowing that it is often unnecessary. Check all stakes and straps during spring and autumn for loose fit and alter to prevent trunk damage. All straps should be removed after the first or second year.Year 4 and after: Do not stake older trees. Cleaning the Root Collar Roots that encircle the trunk at the root collar can cause tree health and safety problems. A trees root collar is its transition zone between stem and root at the ground line. Proper planting depth can go a long way toward keeping the root collar clean and free of encircling roots. Remember that piling soil or mulch against the root collar encourages strangler roots. Year 1 - 3: Proper planting and mulching will go a long way toward solving most root collar problems. The first several years of growth after planting is when tree collar problems develop, so keep the collar exposed by removing soil and mulch. Overfertilization can speed up the process and make the condition worse.Year 4 and after: Revisit and check the root collar every 4 years. Use a hand trowel to loosen and remove the soil around the base of the tree until the first set of roots is uncovered. Inspecting Tree Health Checking a trees health may not only be subjective for a novice but determining the health of a tree is complicated and should be done by an expert. Still, there are things you can do that will alert you to tree health problems. Ask yourself these questions when inspecting a tree: Is the current years growth much less than in past years growth? Although fast growth does not necessarily mean good health, a dramatic reduction in growth rate may be an indication of poor health.Are there dead limbs, odd colors on leaves and bark or a patchy crown? These tree symptoms can be the first indicators that a tree is unhealthy and should be inspected in detail. Remember that planting a healthy tree from the beginning is the best way to assure its future health. Pruning the Tree When pruning a newly planted tree, only prune critical branches and no others! Critical branches are those that are either dead or broken. You can also remove multiple leaders to leave only one central stem. It may be best to postpone pruning to avoid transplanting shock due to loss of leaves. Year 1 - 3: Prune only critical branches or to eliminate extra leaders in the trees first year. You will have plenty of time to form your tree so only prune lightly in Year 2 or 3.Year 4 and after: Prune your tree for form and function every three years. As a rule of thumb, prune fruit trees every 1-3 years, prune deciduous shade trees every 5 years and evergreens only as needed.

CORPORATE MANAGEMENT & FINANCE- Assessment Element 2 Essay

CORPORATE MANAGEMENT & FINANCE- Assessment Element 2 - Essay Example Financial Position Key Financial Indicator: This part of the report includes some key financial performance indicators for the three-retail giant of UK. This three company shares almost 72% of UK retail market share. Looking at the size of the company it is very important for management to identify the key financial performance indicator for their organisation. Sales Growth This is one of the major performance indicator for most of the companies particularly companies within retail sector. These companies are serving consumers by providing their basic and luxury items. Sales growth indicates company’s current position in the market as compare to its peer group. Since UK retail market is almost an oligopoly market it can be easily evaluate the performance and efficiency of the management of these three companies. Operating Profit Operating profit is another appropriate performance measurement indicator. Since these companies are largely utilising their fixed asset and labor, it is very important for this companies to maintain their operating cost efficiently. High labour cost or operating expenses can lead to a humongous loss to any firm and its shareholders. Financial Ratio: Any investors or potential investors generally analyse the financial ratios of a company before making an investment on it as they properly indicate the current position of the company. At the same time, these financial ratios are important from manager’s point of view also to assess their performance. While creditors also look at those ratios before giving any loan to the company. Precisely speaking everybody analyse the ratios before involving with any organisation. Ratios like ROE, EPS, and Dividend Payout are the most relevant from investor’s point of view as they are specifically indicate return generate by a company using invested capital. Whereas leverage ratios, efficiency ratio, operating or net profit depending on business (in retail industry operating) are of more interest to managers. While creditors i.e. lenders are more interested to see the efficiency and cash conversion ratios of a particular firm. Accordingly the below explained ratios are very important for retail industry. Operating Profit Margin: This indicates the operating profit as a percentage of sales. OPM signifies firm’s capability of generating profit from its operating activities. Generally, higher operating profit creates some tremendous investment opportunities for both investors and lenders. Total Asset Turnover: The ratio is an appropriate indicator of the fact that how efficiently and effectively company is utilising their assets to generate revenue. This ratio is very important for a retail company as they posse’s lots of fixed assets. The higher asset turnover signifies higher asset utilisation. This ratio is a good indicator of management efficiency. Higher asset turnover implies efficient management team. Current Ratio: This ratio is very importa nt from retail industry point of view as it indicates the liquidity position of the c

Impressions of The First Day at a New Job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Impressions of The First Day at a New Job - Essay Example The receptionist was dressed in a purple suit with purple earrings to fit. I tendered my approved application letter and she directed me to the sales department where I would be working. The receptionist directed me to the fourth floor, which was the sales department. I climbed the stairs to the fourth floor as the company had no elevator. I remember that I saw about twelve persons in the sales department. They were all dressed in black suits with seven females and five males. This gave me the impression that they all had a particular mode of dressing. The office was actually a hall and it was painted with green with about twenty-four rocking chairs and twelve round benches in it. As I got to the office, they were all looking at me like an alien. I felt like the ground should open up and swallow me as the faces were too much on me. However, I summoned courage, walked majestically into the office and asked after the Head of the Sales Department. I was surprised to see that the Head of the Sales Department was some inches shorter than I was. I expected that I would meet a huge man as my boss, but spotting him made me see that there is actually a huge difference between fantasy and reality. The Head of my new department spoke with a thin voice and to ld me to sit down on a black rocking chair which was directly opposite his own. He gave me a description of my job and told me that, they work collectively to achieve the goal of the company. This was actually the way that an organization operates (Jones 18). I was introduced to the other staffs of the Sales Department and my boss told them that, they should accept me as one of them as we shared the same passion and have a common goal. I shook hands with them and exchanged pleasantries with all of them. I settled down fast on that same day and was acquainted with the mode of operation of the sales department.

What are the main benefits and costs of monetary union What are the Essay

What are the main benefits and costs of monetary union What are the main criteria for the optimality of a currency area - Essay Example Thus it eliminates a big hurdle in the way of trade. At the same time, countries get free from any exchange rate uncertainty; get smaller rates of transactions and more secure price transparency. A neutral body acts as central bank on behalf of all member nations of the monetary union. This body being neutral and free from influence of any nation makes it credible for not only all members of the monetary union, but also for outside world. For example, European Central Bank acts as a combined central bank of the European Union. Monetary union is the way of promoting greater economic alliance which is beneficial for all member states and the outside world. For example, it is easy today to deal with a group of 28 countries of Europe at a single platform named European Union. Optimal currency area is also known as optimal currency region. This area refers to single market areas having a single currency across the region. There are many elements that define the optimality of a currency area (Alexandre Swoboda, 1999). It is important to have these elements to become the member of an optimal currency area. So following is the main criteria for the optimality of a currency area: (University of North Carolina,

VitraHaus Construction Analysis

VitraHaus Construction Analysis The home of Vitra Home Collection, VitraHaus (2006-2010), is located on Vitra Campus in Weil am Rhein, Germany.1 It was designed by Basel-based architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron and opened in 2010.2 The purpose of the VitraHaus was to provide a space to present Vitra Home Collection furniture arrangements in different style genres and also provide inspirational ideas for visitors home and their own taste in design.3 In Charles Ray Eames Showroom, this was overcome by use of precedents which includes minimalism and the architects previous projects in Munich, Basel, and Paris.4 A) Historical Introduction: The VitraHaus(fig.1) was initiated as the home of the Vitra Home Collection that launched in January 2004.5 The company Vitra is a manufacturer and retailer of many leading furniture designers works.6 Vitra is also known for the Vitra Campus(fig.2) that make up its premises in Wil am Rhein.7 It is where company s widely acclaimed architecture of museum, atelier, showrooms, warehouse and manufacturing buildings are situated which make up its premises.8 These buildings are known for its internationally recognized architects such as like Frank Gehry, Tadao Ando, Zaha Hadid, Nicholas Grimshaw, Alvaro Siza and Antonio Citterio as well as structures by Jean Prouv? and Richard Buckminster Fuller.9 Since its foundation in 1950, the company focused mainly on office furnishings and has targeted business clients until they launched its Home Collection in January 2004 with a new target group in mind: individual customers with an interest in design.10 It features collection of unique home product s including design classics, re-editions, as well as works by contemporary designers.11 The Vitra Home Collection was displayed in a former factory building on the main Vitra production site until the company decided to have a space solely serve for the Home Collection.12 To construct an additional space on the Vitra Campus, the company commissioned two Basel based architects Herzog and de Meuron in 2006 to design the home of Vitra Home Collection the VitraHause.13 The design development took place from 2006 to 2007 and the construction continued from 2007 to 2009 where the VitraHaus opened in Feburary 22nd 2010.14 The construction of VitraHaus was also a starting of a new chapter in the history of Vitra Campus since it was the newest addition in sixteen years since the last building the Vitra Design Museum by Frank Gehry in1994.15 B) Spatial Organization and Planning: The VitraHaus is a five storey structure with twelve houses within the building.16 (fig.3) The Charles and Ray Eames showroom (fig.4) is located in the third floor of VitraHaus with dimension of approximately 90sq.meter.17 The visitors discovery on the path through the VitraHaus starts from fourth floor of the building towards the lower floors.18 As one starts their tour in fourth floor loft, they are introduced to a spectacular view of the Tullinger Hill and the history of Vitra and the VitraHaus.19 After one has been introduced to a brief knowledge of the Vitra and its history of furniture, The Vitra Classic awaits in the third floor (fig.5) where Charles and Ray Eames showroom is located.20 The Vitra Classic floor can be reached by three different paths throughout the building.21 First is to take the main stair which connects all the floors in the building.22 This main stair will introduce you directly to Charles and Ray Eames showroom which is located in the North East side of the floor.23 The second method is to take a lift which also connects all the floors in the building.24 However, the lift will lead you to the other collection of Vitra Classics which is located in the South West side of the floor.25 But one can easily walk to the other side of the floor.26 The third is a spiral stair which is accessible from the second floor.27 On the arrival of this spiral stair, one can choose to walk straight forward to the South West part of the floor or turn around to visit the Charles and Ray Eames collection.28 As you enter the showroom (fig.6), the front facade with glazed gable ends opens up the room to the view of landscape and the Vitra Campus.29 The daylight from the window also makes the room feel more spacious. On the East of the room is the display wall with wall mounted shelving and colour coded signage to categorize Charles and Ray Eames designs.30 To the West side of the space, chairs are displayed on the floor along the wall with different flooring that separates between the display area and circulation floor.31 The West side of the space also has the spiral stairs which opened up upper part of the wall which gives view of second floor which presents the Living, Eating, and Working at Home collections.32 C) Materials and Construction Method(s): The VitraHaus is a five storey structure of stacked volumes of the archetypal house which comprised of twelve houses.33 Five houses are set at the ground floor with seven more houses are stacked up, intersected and in support of one another.34 Stacked into a total of five storeys and breathtakingly cantilevered up to fifteen metres in some places, the twelve houses, whose floor slabs intersect the underlying gables, create a three-dimensional assemblage ? a pile of houses that, at first glance, has an almost chaotic appearance.35 The VitraHaus rises above the other buildings on the Vitra Campus with maximum dimensions of 57 metres in length, 54 metres in width and 21.3 metres in height.36(fig.7) The deliberate intention was to grant an overview of the surrounding landscape, the campus as well as an overview of the Home Collection by constructing a vertically oriented structure with a small footprint.37 The charcoal coloured stucco on the exterior of the building unifies the structure, and connects it to the surrounding landscape.38 (fig.8) A wooden plank floors made from the local larch wood defines an open central area, where five ground floor buildings are grouped.39 (fig.9) It performs as a conference area, Vitra Design Museum Shop, business lounge and a Vitrine exhibition space, the lobby with a reception area and a caf? with an outdoor terrace for summer use.40 As interior and exterior spaces interpenetrate, so do two types of forms: the orthogonal-polygonal, as perceived from the exterior, and the organic, which produces a series of spatial surprises in the interior. 41(fig.10) It is a secret world that is intended by Herzog de Meuron with a suggestive, almost labyrinthine character. 42 On the path through the five storeys, the complexity of the interior space arises not only from the angular intersection of the individual houses but also from the integration of a second geo metrical concept.43 All of the staircases are integrated into expansive, winding organic volumes that figuratively eat their way through the various levels of the building like a worm, sometimes revealing fascinating visual relationships between the various houses, at other times blocking the view.44 The individual houses, which have the general characteristics of a display space, are conceived as abstract elements.45 With just a few exceptions, only the gable ends are glazed, and the structural volumes seem to have been shaped with an extrusion press.46 An important feature of the VitraHaus is the glassed end gables(fig.11); a feature which gives the house two personalities.47 By day the surrounding countryside appears to be drawn into the interior and to become almost a part of the decoration; in contrast, however, when darkness falls, the illuminated interior of the building glows from within, while its physical structure seems to dissipate.48 The rooms open up; the glazed gable ends turn into display cases that shine across the Vitra Campus and into the surrounding countryside.49 D) Furnishings and Ornamentation: The philosophy of Vitra Home Collection is to provide inspirational ideas for individuals home and their own taste in design rather than an interior design system or a homogeneous product line.50 Vitra Home Collection wishes to inspire customers to furnish their home as a process of collage of products and objects according to one s individual preferences and circumstances.51 To allow one to be inspired, and encourage to explore and heighten their sense of design, the interior of the overall space is very simple and furnishings are used as minimal as possible.52 The interior walls are finished in white which gives priority to the furniture displays and allow the characteristics of furniture presents its fullest .53 Since the space is used to showcase the retail furniture, series of wall shelving and signage are used to display.54 The white shelves are mounted in different levels with colourful signage to categorize the types of Charles and Ray Eames chairs into plastic, wire, aluminu m, and ply wood groups.55 The rugs or different variety of floor furnishings are used to give the boundary to the additional furniture displayed on the floor.56 The spot lightings are mounted in the ceiling as ambient light as well as to emphasize the products.57 Since there are minimal use of ornamentations, the abstract structural volumes interacting through the space and the glazed gable ends adds rhythm to the space.58 The high ceiling, white finishes, light wood floors, and large windows give spacious feeling to the space.59 Each house has a touch screen catalogue(fig.12) where each visitor can insert their VitraHause keycard and browse through Vitra s catalogue, purchase a product on a spot or learn about particular design or designer.60 The Vitra Classic Collection also features the Photo me La Chaise Armchair which is set of a La Caise Armchair by Charles and Ray Eames with a camera that allows visitors to have memorable photo time upon their visit to the VitraHaus.61 The photo can be stored in a personal VitraHause keycard and can be emailed later.62 E) Functions and Signification: Since the company Vitra is a manufacturer and retailer company that acquired licenses for the designs of Charles and Ray Eames in 1951, it is not a surprise to see that one of the showrooms in VitraHaus was dedicated to the designs of Eames.63 The Charles and Ray Eames showroom functions as a space that showcases the works of Charles and Ray Eames in different range of groups.64 The groups are categorized by the materials used in the making of the chairs which includes but not limited to; plastic, wire, aluminum, and ply wood.65 As mentioned earlier, the deliberate intention of the building was to grant an overview of the surrounding landscape, the campus as well as an overview of the Home Collection by constructing a vertically oriented structure with a small footprint.66 This has been illustrated in the Charles and Ray Eames showroom with large window that has an overview of the campus and the opening for the spiral stair case allows an overview of the Home Collection on lower floors.67 The philosophy of the Vitra Home Collection also has been demonstrated successfully in the space.68 The Vitra Home Collection s intention was to provide inspirational ideas for individuals own taste in design so one can furnish their home as a process of collage of products and objects according to one s individual preferences and circumstances.69 This philosophy is successfully delivered through minimal interior design of the space.70 It allowed the unique characteristics of each chairs to be presented in its fullest with the contrast of the white wall.71 This contrast and display almost creates an imagery of pallets of colourfull paints on a white canvas which inspires visitors to explore and imagine their own design of space.72 The special photograph set and digital catalogue also adds excitement and convenience to the visit.73 The space that is solely dedicated in respect of the design classic, with the company s philosophy of provide a space that can inspire one to build and develop their own design world.74 This suggests that the space not only functions as a showroom, but it also functions as a space for an education, preservation of stories, personal knowledge and to be one s muse.75 F) Designer s Sources/Inspirations/Influences/Precedents: The concept of the VitraHaus contains two direct quotations of the themes that appear repeatedly in the oeuvre of Herzog de Meuron: the theme of the archetypal house and the theme of stacked volumes.76 Herzog de Meuron has aimed not for virtuosity but innovation, looking always to the broader culture and art for inspiration.77 Referring to Andy Warhol, Jacques Herzog has said, He used common Pop images to say something new. That is exactly what we are interested in: to use well known forms and materials in a new way so that they become alive again. 78 Their influences of the archetypal house and theme of stacked volumes can be seen in many of their work from precedents to future projects that are in progress.79 The Goetz Collection, in Munich 1989-1992 (fig.13), St. Jakob Turm in Basel 2005-2008 (fig.14), and Rue des Suisses in Paris 1996-2000 (fig.15) are one of the precedents that has been designed by Herzog and de Meuron.80 Another form of their precedents study can be found at the Herzog and de Meuron Exhibition at the Walker Art Centre in November 2000 to February 2001.81 The exhibition included from material studies to technical drawings and from initial models to full-scale prototypes(fig.16).82 Here, many prototypes of stack up of geometrical shapes can be found.83 In VitraHaus, it was especially appropriate since the primary purpose of the five-storey building is to present furnishings and objects for the home.84 Due to the proportions and dimensions of the interior spaces ? the architects use the term domestic scale ? the showrooms are reminiscent of familiar residential settings.85 Architect Jacques Herzog, naturally, sees the situation somewhat differently.86 For Herzog, the project was a chance to get away from development driven architecture and a rare opportunity to complete an author driven project.87 Through the stacking and interlacing you not only create a multitude of new forms and architectural spaces but achieve a wonderful paradox: a simple, familiar house design which appears complex on account of the numerous intersections.88 This perceived complexity is further enhanced by the combination of the external orthogonal-polygonal form and the more organic internal form which results, principally, from the spiral staircases and occa sional open spaces and small side windows.89 Principally the black exterior allows the effect of floating houses by allowing the structure to merge with the darkness.90 In addition the anthracite of the VitraHaus contrasts with the brilliant white of Frank Gehrys neighbouring Vitra Design Museum.91

Buying the Perfect Horse :: Free Essay Writer

Buying the Perfect Horse Last weekend a Mr. Charlie Goodrich called my office. He told me that an old friend of mine, who had given me very high recommendations, had referred him to me. Mr. Goodrich said that he was looking for a horse. He was not sure what exactly he was going to use it for, but he was examining a couple possibilities. Since my job is to help people decide which breed of horse would best suit their plans and lifestyles, I needed to know exactly what it was he wanted to use a horse for. He told me that he owned a very reputable stable, with a variety of expensive breeds, and he was looking to expand his stock. Mr. Goodrich said that he wanted a stallion with a future in racing, and good siring bloodlines. That is what many owners do with retired racehorses. After the horse’s racing career is over they are sent to what is like a retirement home for horses. Here they live out the rest of their lives, breeding and siring many young foals. I explained to him that two of the best horses for racing were the Thoroughbred and the Arabian. My personal favorite is the Arabian, I told him, because of it’s unique beauty and rich heritage. In order to try and find which would be the best for him I researched both breeds and presented him with the results. While both the Thoroughbred and the Arabian are very beautiful, and both are well reputed in the racing world, the Arabian horse is far superior. Its ancient, mysterious origins, and unique beauty make it a very desirable horse. It excels on the track, and produces incredible offspring. The Arabian stallion has also been the subject of many novels, etching its figure into many hearts, and making it even more popular. Origins The term Thoroughbred describes a breed of horse whose ancestry traces back to three foundation sires – the Darley Arabian, the Godolphin Arabian, and the Byerly Turk. Named after their respective owners – Thomas Darley, Lord Godolphin, and Captain Robert Byerly – these three stallions were brought to England around the turn of the 17th century and bred to the stronger, but less intelligent, native horse. They were bred to native spring mares – very probably Scottish Galoways – and the resulting foals were the first real thoroughbreds.

Mango Street Essay Essay

Throughout history, women have been seen as inferior to men. In the novel, The House On Mango Street, the main character, Esperanza sees many examples of women who are treated lower by their husbands. These women are imprisoned in their own homes on Mango Street. The author, Sandra Cisneros uses the motif of Imprisoned Females to show that women have been seen as inferior to men. There were many chapters in the novel in which women were seen as inferior to men. On page 79 in the novel, Rafael gets locked indoors because her husband is afraid Rafaela will run away since she is too beautiful to look at. Rafael is just one of the many victims of Imprisoned Females on Mango Street. She is scared to leave because she thinks her husband will do something, he doesn’t want other man to take her away from him. Esperazana could also been considered a â€Å"Imprisoned Female. All she wants to do is live in a house she can call her own and be free but she is stuck on Mango Street where she meets all these other women who are stuck like her and she thinks she will never get out. Men treat women like they are nothing. Why? Because they are scared. Scared that women will leave them for someone better. Scared that women will tell someone of all the awful things they have done to them. Scared that women will finally tell the truth.

Descriptive Essay on Soccer Ball

Most would take for granted how a soccer ball looks. They would put it as an pointless detail to the sport. To those people, they see this wonderful object as just a b all. Nothing more and nothing less. Others, however, know better. At first look you may n twice the specific black and white color coordination belonging only to the soccer ball. A closer look will reveal twenty white, hexagonal and twelve black, pentagonal surface s that make up the covering of the ball.When rotating the ball you may notice name Ross cuts along to the surface of the ball, the dust, crosshatched lining peeking out fro m under. Spots of mud all over the surface of the soccer ball. If the ball is so close to your face you can smell the scent of dirt and grass mix De with the light smell of rain that perfumes the ball in your grasp. When you breathe deep you can almost taste the dirt and grass on your tongue, a bittersweet flavor that SST says In your mouth, the taste of the rain adding to the already fun ky odor and flavor I n your mouth.The feeling of the ball is something entirely unto itself. If you pick up a soccer ball and hold it in your hands, you can feel the smoothness of the covering and how or undo in shape it is. As your hand curves around the ball, you feel the graininess of the rediscovered surface between your hand and the surface. As your hands contain u to move your hand around the ball's surface, you are able to tell the difference when your fingers fall into the smooth cracks of the stitching, same as to the delicately or ugh cuts and scrapes on the surface of the ball, made from the bounce against a solid wall.A perfect ball, if squeezed, it will be squeezed a little because of the pressure of your fingers on the ball. If kicked properly, the fierce kick of your foot hitting the baa II does not hurt at all. In fact you will feel strong after a good kick. Rolling the ball under y our foot, oh get a feel for its shape, how it moves, and how it's resistance to your body The feeling of a ball hitting your body can sometimes be a bad encounter. If ski eked with enough force, the impact of flesh and soccer ball can be really painful.Though h a the ball may not feel hard when held, when it is flying at a rapid pace and comes to an sudden stop when it meets your stomach, chest, leg, forehead, and even face, it can f eel as hard and solid as a rock. The sound of a soccer ball is really something special. You can tell by the soon d the ball makes how good your kick was. Essentially, the sound aimed for is a loud, Dee , popping sound. This shows you have kicked the ball in the right area.

Critical Essay Outline

Critical Essay Outline Critical Essay Outline Critical Essay Outline Critical essay outline is a tool that helps you to organize your material logically and helps you to sort and to classify the material systematically. As a result, you are empowered to see the relationships that exist between ideas in your critical essay writing. Outline writing helps you to develop and organize plan for presenting the material. The goals of the outlines are to present logically the general information, to summarize it schematically, and to provide a visual and conceptual plan of the writing process. An outline reflects logical thinking and classification of your ideas. Prior to writing an outline, you should set up the purpose of the critical essay, write down the thesis of essay and think about the ideas you plan to cover. At this stage you can write all of the ideas you want to include in your critical essay writing, plan the work by grouping ideas together that are related to each other, organize the work by dividing the material into groups ranging from the gene ral to the specific, or from abstract to specific. Critical Essay Format Create a title page if it is necessary. Use MLA style for headings, headers and pagination. Type in 12-point font, for example, Arial which is the easiest to read, make it double-spaced with one-inch margins. Always make a back-up copy of your essay on diskette and an additional hard copy. Usually, short critical essay must be minimum 2-3 full pages; the longer critical essay must be minimum 5-7 full pages in length. In the short critical essay, you must include at least three quotes from the works you are analyzing. Add quotation marks around direct quotations; identify the sources of all paraphrased information. Be careful and avoid plagiarism while writing a critical essay: Writing a Critical Essay The purpose of writing a critical essay is to evaluate somebody's work, to express your ideas on the raised theme, and to reveal your understanding of the material. Critical essay is a paper in which you should express your opinion or provide evaluation of the text. Prior to writing a critical essay, have a clear topic in mind. Once more read the text, be sure that the topic in mind correspond to the essay's topic. Develop an argument and state it in your first paragraph. The argument should prove your chosen position. If no one would disagree with what you're saying, it's not an argument. Critical Essay Help It is not easy to write a good critical essay without outline. Moreover, it is even harder to write a good critical essay on the topic you are not familiar with. You are welcome to ask for assistance. We are ready to write an impressive critical essay for you on any topic! In addition, you receive free title page, outline, and bibliography list. Related posts: Hamlet Thesis Dissertation Writers Dissertation Subjects Dissertation Paper Dissertation Help

Fruits to make a fruit battery Essay Example

Fruits to make a fruit battery Essay Example Fruits to make a fruit battery Paper Fruits to make a fruit battery Paper Magnesium, due to its reactivity, has a very high potential energy, so the electrons travel from it to the copper, which has a very low potential energy due to its unreactivity. The difference in the potential is called the cell potential difference. If the difference of potential energy is large, then clearly the voltage produced by the galvanic cell will also be large as voltage is potential difference. From the electrochemical series, magnesium has a standard electrode potential of -2. 37, and copper has one of +0. 34. The difference between the potentials is 2. 71, which is large, and therefore this will mean more electrons will be conducted creating a larger current, and also the difference between the potentials will also mean a higher voltage. If the anode was zinc (-0. 76) then the difference would be 1. 1 not as large a difference as the magnesium due to it being less reactive. Other examples could be zinc and magnesium, a difference of 1. 61, lead (-0. 13) and iron (0. 04), a difference of 17 and so on. This is how galvanic cells operate, storing chemical energy that is released as electrical energy when a conductor is connected between the two electrodes. This scientific theory supports my initial prediction that the magnesium and copper will produce the highest voltage due to their potential energy difference. Evaluation: I think that the experiment went quite well. It is hard to spot anomalous results on a bar graph, but I think my results are pretty accurate, and fit my prediction. However I feel accuracy was limited and could have been improved if a set of 3 results was taken, because I only took 2, it is possible that one result could have been wrong and changed the average, while accuracy is increased with three results. : There was not enough time to do this though. I think that the results gained using zinc and magnesium were more unreliable than the others, because there were big differences between the two results that were taken. For example, using lead and zinc the first time (in the grapefruit) a voltage of 0. 17 was produced, while the second reading was 0. 49V. This could be because we didnt change the metal strips after every fruit, meaning they had been reacting with both the air and the electrolyte/fruit. Accuracy could also have been lacked due to the difficulty in cutting out equal sized strips. We had to use a steel nail of similar surface area because iron foil was unavailable. Fruits are also very unpredictable and vary. I think that we should have perhaps focused on one fruit, like the lemon, and used three different lemons to increase accuracy. This would perhaps be a more useful approach. I believe further investigations are needed to help fulfill the aim of the experiment. I think that acids and alkaline solutions should be used instead of fruits due to their unreliability. This will make the experiment quicker too. The outcome would be more predictable. The distance between the two metals in the fruit could be varied in further work to again test the voltages produced using different combinations of magnesium, iron, zinc, lead and copper. You could start them with a centimetre difference between them, and then increase this by a cm until it reaches 5 cm. A variety of fruits could again be used as a variable in this method. Other variables to be tested are the surface area of the metals and how that would affect the voltage produced, as it clearly seemed to affect my results.